Pr Todd MEYERS: “Maladie chronique. Pourquoi le monde du patient échappe-t-il à l’idéalisme ?”

La conférence d’ouverture du Séminaire “Humanités médicales” du Programme interdisciplinaire USPC “La Personne en médecine” sera donnée par le Pr Todd MEYERS, invité de l’Institut des Humanités et Sciences de Paris, sur le thème:

“Maladie chronique. Pourquoi le monde du patient échappe-t-il à l’idéalisme ?”

le lundi 23 mai 2016 de 14 h à 17 h 

à l’Université Paris Diderot — Faculté de médecine
Site Villemin
Salle des Conférences – 1er étage
10 avenue de Verdun
75010 Paris
M° Gare de l’Est

Discutants : Claude-Olivier Doron, Céline Lefève (Centre G. Canguilhem (Institut des Humanités), Département HPS, Paris Diderot) & Alexis Zimmer (Programme USPC “La Personne en médecine”, Institut des Humanités)
Organisation et informations : zimmer.alexis@gmail.com
Entrée libre mais inscription demandée : centre_georges_canguilhem@univ-paris-diderot.fr

Vous trouverez ci-dessous l’argument de la conférence de Todd Meyers et sa présentation personnelle, en pièce jointe un texte présentant le projet sur lequel repose son intervention, ainsi que l’argument du séminaire “Humanités médicales”.

Maladie chronique. Pourquoi le monde du patient échappe-t-il à l’idéalisme ?

Le monde du patient est truffé de pressions et d’enjeux divers et inextricables — expérientiels, corporels, éthiques, familiaux, sociaux. Pourtant, ce monde est fréquemment neutralisé par des préoccupations d’ordre strictement médical. Cette conférence exposera une série de réflexions tirées d’un projet de recherches ethnographiques portant sur les maladies chroniques aux États-Unis. Elle se concentrera sur la nature complexe de l’expérience de la maladie, et surtout sur la manière dont cette expérience trouve sa place dans l’apprentissage et la pratique de la médecine.

Todd Meyers est Associate Professor of Anthropology, NYU Shangai. Il s’intéresse aux questions de santé et de maladie et aux transformations de la clinique et du soin. Son ouvrage The Clinics and elsewhere sur les pratiques de soin destinées aux jeunes souffrant d’addictions paraît ce mois-ci en français chez Vrin. Il travaille actuellement sur la maladie chronique et examine comment le temps, la multiplicité des symptômes, les contraintes sociales et économiques et dues aux traitements influencent la manière dont la famille conçoit la maladie chronique. Todd Meyers est aussi co-traducteur et co-éditeur de Georges Canguilhem aux USA, et co-éditeur de la revue en ligne, Somatosphere. Il a enseigné les sciences sociales, notamment à l’aide du cinéma, aux étudiants de médecine de John Hopkins University.

Séminaire Humanités médicales
Programme interdisciplinaire Université Sorbonne Paris Cité « La Personne en médecine »
Institut des Humanités de Paris

Le séminaire «  umanités médicales » a pour ambition d’investir la notion d’humanités médicales, d’enquêter sur ce qu’elle nomme et recouvre, de relever et d’examiner les enjeux, énoncés et théories qui lui sont attachés, mais aussi les pratiques qui s’en réclament et les modalités de leur institutionnalisation.

En examinant de près cette notion, il s’agit de la mettre à l’épreuve notamment par rapport aux sciences humaines et sociales, d’en saisir les opportunités et les dangers, d’évaluer la pertinence d’y recourir pour désigner, tenir ou faire exister une/des articulation(s) intéressantes (s) entre les sciences humaines et sociales et les pratiques médicales.

Ce séminaire s’inscrit dans un programme de recherche plus général qui vise à dresser un état des lieux de l’enseignement des sciences humaines et sociales en études de santé en France et dans certains autres pays. Les enjeux attachés à l’inscription de ces disciplines au sein des cursus médicaux ainsi que leurs apports, innovations et difficultés spécifiques traversent donc nos questionnements.

Ce séminaire se déploiera selon deux trajectoires principales. Une première, d’ordre théorico-analytique, vise aussi bien à en investir les aspects théoriques, à interroger ce qu’il est désirable ou non d’y faire exister, qu’à en analyser les caractéristiques socio-historiques. La seconde, d’ordre pédagogique, consiste à explorer les modalités concrètes de leur enseignement et notamment de rendre compte de dispositifs pédagogiques nouveaux ou insuffisamment cultivés au sein des cursus de santé.

Séminaire, 14 déc: “Anthropologie et épidémie d’Ébola en Afrique de l’ouest” – Mariane Ferme, Guillaume Lachenal, Vinh-Kim Nguyen

Anthropologie et épidémie d’Ébola en Afrique de l’ouest: discussion après retour du terrain en Guinée et au Sierra Léone”

Avec: Mariane Ferme, Guillaume Lachenal, Vinh-Kim Nguyen

Date et lieuLundi le 14 décembre de 14h00 à 16h00 – Salle 1 du Bâtiment Le France, 190 ave de France
, Paris

Résumé:

Cette rencontre confrontera deux perspectives sur l’épidémie d’Ébola. Une, de longue durée, examine la survenue de l’épidémie dans le contexte de l’après-guerre civile sierra-léonais. Mariane Ferme mène un terrain approfondie dans des villages isolés de Sierra Léone pour développer une anthropologie de l’après-guerre. Elle étudie comment la communauté internationale construit d’un ordre politique « post-conflit ». Vinh-Kim Nguyen est anthropologue et médecin et, après une longue expérience autour de la mobilisation communautaire pour traiter le VIH en Afrique de l’ouest, est amené en Guinée dans le cadre d’essais cliniques médicamenteux et vaccinaux. Il étudie comment la communauté internationale construit un order sanitaire « post-épidémie ». Revenu récemment de Guinée et de Sierra Léone, ils partagent leurs expériences et leur réflexions sur comment construire une anthropologie des urgences humanitaires. Guillaume Lachenal, historien de la médecine coloniale et postcoloniale, animera le débat.

Lecture Series 2015-2016 – Global Health: Knowledges, Dispositifs, Poli-cies/-tics

fundersThe framing of health as a global issue over the last three decades has carved out an intellectual, economic and political space that differs from that of the post-war international public health field. This older system was characterised by disease eradication programs and by the dominance of nation states and the organisations of the United Nations. The actors, intervention targets and tools of contemporary global health contrast with previous international health efforts. The construction of markets for medical goods takes a central place in this new era, as does regulation by civil society actors. Global health can also be characterized by co-morbidities between chronic and infectious diseases, the stress on therapeutic intervention, risk management, health as an instrument of ‘community’ development and the deployment of new modes of surveillance and epidemiological prediction. This emerging field takes on a radically different appearance when examined at the level of its infrastructures (such as the WHO, the World Bank or the Gates Foundation) or at the level of the knowledges and anticipatory practices generated by its practices and local instantiations.

This seminar will combine historical, sociological and anthropological approaches to examine this globalized space and the assemblages that constitute it: public-private partnerships, foundations, local ‘communities’, cancers, ‘non-communicable diseases’, risk prevention, monitoring and evaluation, etc. Particular attention will be given to the infrastructures and the contemporary dynamics of knowledge production, insurance techniques and diagnostic interventions, therapeutic ‘innovations’ in their diverse geographies, including Africa, Asia or Latin America. These often differ widely from transfer schemes between the global north and the global south that insist on technological dependency. The seminar will examine the myriad local forms that global health takes in everyday practices.

EHESS, room 015, Ground Floor, Building – Le France, 190-198 ave de France 75013 Paris – France

Monthly session, every 2nd Tuesday (except in Oct., on Thursday 15th at 2 pm-5 pm

Nov., Tuesday 17th  CANCELLED date TBD

Organized by Claire Beaudevin (CNRS-Cermes3), Fanny Chabrol (Inserm-Cermes3), Jean-Paul Gaudillière (Inserm-Cermes3), Frédéric Keck (CNRS-LAS/Musée du Quai Branly), Guillaume Lachenal (Université Paris Diderot-IUF), Vinh-Kim Nguyen (Collège d’Etudes Mondiales), Laurent Pordié (CNRS-Cermes3), Émilia Sanabria (Inserm-École Normale Supérieure de Lyon)


Full programme

Thursday, October 15th 2015

Roger Jeffery (Edinburgh India Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK)  “Clinical Trials in India: Ethics, Scandals and Regulation in a Globalised Assemblage”

In India, the amount of activity that falls under the general heading of ‘clinical trials’ has been radically transformed since 2005. Legislation that year made it easier for ‘Big Pharma’ to carry out multi-sited trials in India at the same time as elsewhere in the world. While the Indian generics pharmaceuticals industry, and the nascent contract research organisations, were well prepared for the changes introduced by India signing up to the TRIPS element when joining the World Trade Organisation in 1995, its regulators have been much slower to come to terms with the ethical, political and public health implications of this change. After a period of rapid growth to 2011, the number of new trials registered in India dropped sharply, even before a series of scandals and Parliamentary and Supreme Court interventions tightened the regulatory approvals process. It remains to be seen if it will be possible to resume the previous rates of growth. This presentation will provide a brief overview of theories of ‘global assemblages’, and will set out some of the new social forms that have arisen to service these trials. It will then describe and analyse the growth in clinical trials in India since 2005 and the emergent critiques of ethical practices. It will conclude by considering the implications of the reforms that have been introduced since 2012 as a result of heightened external surveillance of the regulation and management of clinical trials in India.

Tuesday, November 17th 2015 [CANCELLED, date TBD]

Ernesto Schwartz Marin (Durham University, UK) “The net worth of Mexican “indigenous DNA”: genomics, bioeconomy and the sovereign making of ancestry”

This paper explores the value(s) that “indigenous DNA” has acquired for population genomic research, bioeconomies, legal regulation and data/sample sharing practices in Mexico. I argue that it’s thanks to the successful enrolment —and sometimes erasure— of “indigenous DNA” or ancestry that advocates of the Mexican Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN) have been able to successfully collect various thousands of indigenous biological samples without the bitter disputes that have characterised similar projects around the globe: for example the Human Genome Diversity Project, or the Colombian, Great Human Expedition-both of which came to an abrupt halt due to fierce opposition of indigenous representatives and NGO’s. Our story starts by exploring how indigenous ancestry was mobilised by advocates of human genomic research in order to give political import to the creation of the INMEGEN and the promises of a new bioeconomy based on the protection of 65 indigenous groups and the rest of Mexico’s mestizo (racially admixed) population “that has a unique genomic make up” (Jiménez-Sánchez 2002). Our story then travels to the Mexican Genome Diversity Project (MGDP) sampling jornadas, in which officers of the INMEGEN adapted informed consent processes to indigenous participants “cosmovisions”; in order to evade possible objections and public disputes. Afterwards it explores how the boundaries between indigenous and mestizo DNA are constituted in the laboratory, producing regimes of research and sample exchange, in which indigenous samples (for many practical and symbolic reasons) are considered to be more valuable. Finally it shows how once “indigenous DNA” reaches the legal realm, practices of silencing and erasure, flatten ethno-racial distinctions to leave in its place a more homogeneous “Mexican DNA”. In sum, the paper establishes that the distinctions between indigeneity and racial mixture are sharpened when talking about genetic diversity (a bioeconomical asset), and blurred when dealing with thorny ethical and legal issues (a possible source of confrontation), all of these transformations are crucial in order to establish ‘Mexican Genomics’ as a common good in the service of public health, rather than a process of endo-colonialism.

Tuesday, December 8th 2015

Sienna Craig (Dartmouth College, USA) “Slow Medicine in Fast Times: Tibetan Medical Responses to Disaster”

It is often said that traditional medicine, including Tibetan medicine, succeeds in the treatment of chronic conditions, whereas biomedicine is a better option for acute care. Such a distinction is raised not only by biomedical practitioners and patients but also by Tibetan physicians. Indeed, it is part of how Tibetan medical ‘neo-traditionalism’ (Pordié 2008) operates. However, this framework is incomplete and limited. The limitations of this dichotomy become particularly apparent when considering health care needs that are biological, psychological, and social. Such health care needs present in particular ways during states of emergency, such as natural disasters. While multinational biomedical institutions have only relatively recently begun to acknowledge a ‘bio-psycho-social’ framework, arguably this type of understanding has been long present in the practice of Tibetan medicine. Even so, determining how, where, and to what ends to deploy traditional medicine in such moments remains debated in global health circles and under-represented in scholarship. This paper uses ethnographic examples of the role that Tibetan medicine has played in response to earthquakes in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China (2010), and in Nepal this year (2015) to suggest a rethinking of what traditional medicine is ‘good for’ within the context of emergency response.

Tuesday, January 12th 2016

Carlo Caduff (King’s College, London, UK) “Provincializing Preparedness, Or, The Bird Flu Bomb”

In this talk, I take encounters with infectious disease experts as a starting point for an ethnographic exploration of pandemic prophecy in the United States. Turned toward the future, prophets claim to see what others cannot see. It is this ability that prompts people to place their lives into the hands of such experts, whose special skills have endowed them with power, prestige, and authority. Not all pandemic discourse is prophetic, to be sure, but a considerable portion is. Drawing attention to eruptions of prophetic speech, my aim is not to expose prophetic claims in the name of true science, but to examine how speculations about the future suffuse the present with the suspicion that something is happening. What is it that allows prophetic claims, cast in scientific terms, to gain traction in public discourse? Why are some prophets more successful than others in conveying their scientifically inspired visions of a coming plague? What, in other words, makes one vision more rational and coherent, more plausible and compelling, more acceptable and respectable than others? The hope is that an ethnographic exploration of these questions will allow us to provincialize preparedness.

Tuesday, February 9th 2016

Cristobal Bonelli (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands) “Ontological disorders: sleeping practices, psychotropic drugs and other materials beyond the Global”

This talk explores several equivocations and frictions in the relationship between state healthcare workers and the Pehuenche population in southern Chile. In particular, it focuses on radical differences in understanding the body, personhood, sleeping and dreaming. In Alto Bío Bío, Chile, while healthcare workers diagnose their Pehuenche patients with ‘sleep disorders’ and prescribe them sleep-inducing psychotropic drugs, some Pehuenche persons fear that by preventing them from waking up, the drugs will render them unable to escape a fatal attack by evil spirits. The sleeping pills, therefore, enact understandings of the body, personhood, sleeping and dreaming that are not at all univocal. This enactment generates a controversy-inducing ‘ontological disorder’ base in an ‘uncontrolled equivocation’, as described by the anthropologist Viveiros de Castro, in which interlocutors are not speaking about the same thing, but they are not aware of this. In more general terms, I reflect on the application of psychotropic drugs premised on multicultural ideology (one nature, many cultures) in contexts where alterity is radically manifested and where the limits of the actors’ different conceptions of personhood appear in all their ontological splendour. In doing so, this paper problematizes the notion of global mental health, and illuminates the practical benefits of developing a sort of ‘indexical’ medical anthropology that focuses on ontological frictions.

Tuesday, March 8th 2016

Alice Street (University of Edinburgh, UK) “The drone, the sputum and the machine: private money and public goods on Papua New Guinea’s diagnostic frontier”

When MSF installed a Cepheid GeneXpert machine for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the remote provincial hospital of Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea, they hoped they would be extending much needed health services to remote populations. Instead they found those populations remained out of reach, in small hamlets and villages dispersed across mountains and river valleys. At the same time, by chance, the mission director saw a TED talk by a young entrepreneur with a Californian start up company and a vision for a future network of unmanned drones that could transport much needed medical supplies across resource-poor areas with no established infrastructure. So began a novel international partnership to test the feasibility of transporting sputum samples from remote health facilities to the provincial hospital by drone. This paper explores what such partnerships can tell us about changing relationships between humanitarianism, business and technology in global health. Drones that make money and save lives are championed as a win-win situation. But who wins? And what kinds of future health systems do such partnerships help to build?

Tuesday, April 12th 2016

Ayo Wahlberg (University of Copenhagen, Danemark) “Vietnamese medicine for Vietnamese people”

Over the last six decades or so, a state-led effort to modernise, industrialise and integrate traditional herbal medicine has been underway in Vietnam. At the same time, national and international health authorities have long pointed out that most general health indicators in Vietnam surpass those of other countries with a similar per capita income. In this talk, I ask what place does traditional herbal medicine have in a country which is continuing to struggle with “an unfinished agenda in infectious, vector-borne and communicable diseases” (WHO 2003) while also coming to terms with “the adverse impact on health due to changes in lifestyles, environments and working conditions in the processes of industrialization and modernization” (Communist Party of Vietnam 2005)? I suggest that, mobilising traditional herbal medicine to address Vietnam’s double burden of disease has required not so much a colonisation as a normalisation of its practice, production and use. Finding a ‘Vietnamese’ way to tackle health challenges has been and remains a key trope in politics of health in Vietnam.

Tuesday, May 10th 2016

Ann Kelly (King’s College, London, UK) “Seeing Cellular Debris, Remembering a Soviet Method”

A 1962 photomicrograph of a mosquito taken in what was then a Tanganyikan mountain laboratory provides a prompt to consider the social salience and affective power of scientific images. Drawing inspiration from anthropological work on photographic practices, the paper excavates the diverse geopolitical and domestic contexts of the image’s production, consumption and circulation, so as to apprehend the relationship between scientific labours and lives. As much souvenir as ‘epistemic thing’, the photomicrograph provides new directions in thinking about the materiality of memory in tropical medicine.

Tuesday, June 14th 2016

Sara Smith (Yale University, USA) “Sovereign Remedies: Cancer, Infrastructure, and Global Health in Jordan” 

Jordan is in the midst of engineering a national oncology infrastructure to provide comprehensive cancer care to its citizens. By establishing one of the few specialized tertiary cancer hospitals in the region and by introducing novel therapeutic technologies over the past twenty years, the country has positioned itself as a “pioneer” of cancer care in the Arab Middle East. Yet for disenfranchised, rural, and refugee patients, an increasingly privatized health system places many of these “gold-standard” cancer services virtually out of reach. At the same time, recent collaborations between the government, the private sector, and global health organizations aim to transform popular knowledge of and health practices toward cancer through public education campaigns. Prevailing global health discourses view changes in “lifestyle” factors as a key method to reducing cancer incidence and death. This paradigm considers the individual to be the primary site of health intervention. Yet new initiatives, including the Jordan Breast Cancer Program and the Tobacco Control Program, urge citizens to engage in prevention practices such as smoking cessation and breast self-exams not only as a means of individual self-care, but as a crucial measure to ensure the wellbeing of families, communities, and the nation. This talk will examine how these changes manifest in the everyday healing and prevention practices of patients and physicians while exploring the linkages between global health, infrastructure, and conceptions of the body in light of broader debates about sovereignty.

Full programme 2015-2016 English pdf

Programme complet 2015-2016 français pdf

Programme sur site de EHESS

Ebola et la faillite de la santé publique en Afrique

Publié par Fanny Chabrol, dans la Revue internationale et stratégique, 2014/4 (n° 96).

RIS_096_L204

Résumé

L’épidémie à virus Ebola qui dévaste l’Afrique de l’Ouest révèle l’impuissance des systèmes de santé en Afrique subsaharienne. Par son ampleur et ses facteurs déclencheurs, cette catastrophe était largement prévisible et signe l’échec des politiques internationales de ces dernières décennies pour améliorer la santé en Afrique (« santé globale »). La mobilisation internationale croissante, culminant avec la mise en place d’une force de l’ONU et le déploiement de soldats américains, devra éviter l’écueil du tout sécuritaire et formuler une forme de solidarité et d’unité face au virus, au risque d’un isolement du continent africain.

Urgent : Poste à pourvoir

Coordonnateur terrain, postdoc, recherche anthropologique sur l’épidémie d’Ebola dans le cadre de l’essai clinique JIKI mené par l’INSERM.

Le projet JIKI est un essai thérapeutique portant sur un antiviral (le Favipiravir) pour les patients souffrant de la maladie du virus d’Ébola. Ce projet comporte un volet socio-anthropologique qui vise à identifier et prendre en compte les dimensions historiques, sociales et culturelles de l’épidémie dans l’optique d’assurer l’acceptabilité et l’adhésion à cet essai dans les meilleures conditions possibles.

Ce volet anthropologique est assuré par Vinh Kim Nguyen, Sylvain Faye, Frédéric Le Marcis. Continue reading Urgent : Poste à pourvoir

Prévention du sida : tout ne passe pas par la capote

Tribune publiée par Gabriel Girard, sur Libération.fr, le 26/11/2014.

logo-liberation-311x113

Pour beaucoup d’acteurs de la santé publique, la fin de l’année 2014 restera associée à un tournant majeur dans le domaine de la prévention du VIH – sida. Alors que la journée mondiale de lutte contre le sida a lieu le 1er décembre, on se souviendra à coup sûr de cette fin de l’année comme du moment où s’est stabilisé le consensus autour d’une idée simple : avoir des relations sexuelles sans préservatif n’équivaut pas nécessairement à prendre un risque pour le VIH. Nos manières de penser la prévention s’en trouvent bouleversées. Continue reading Prévention du sida : tout ne passe pas par la capote

Appel à contributions pour un numéro spécial « Autour du virus Ebola »

La revue Anthropologie et Santé lance un appel à contribution en vue d’un numéro spécial “Autour du virus Ebola”, coordonné par Anne Marie Moulin.

Texte de l’appel

Le virus de la fièvre hémorragique Ebola a concerné d’abord l’Afrique de l’Ouest et l’Afrique centrale, où des anthropologues escortent d’ores et déjà les équipes sur le terrain. Mais la menace de la diffusion de l’épidémie a suscité une alerte à l’échelon mondial, qui relève également de l’observation anthropologique. Si le matériau anthropologique sur l’épidémie de 2014 est encore restreint, les études sur les épidémies précédentes, restées locales, ont montré que les mesures prises pour isoler les malades et empêcher la contagion doivent être élaborées et mûrement pesées, pour éviter, en ignorant le contexte, d’aggraver le désordre social lié au phénomène épidémique, si bien décrit par Thucydide au moment de la « peste » d’Athènes (IVe siècle av J-C). Continue reading Appel à contributions pour un numéro spécial « Autour du virus Ebola »

Sida : l’eldorado africain ?

Publié par Fanny Chabrol sur la vie des idées, le 1er décembre 2014.

Perçue dans les années 1990 comme un continent menacé d’écroulement par le sida, l’Afrique représente aujourd’hui un ensemble d’opportunités pour les chercheurs et les laboratoires. Fanny Chabrol analyse les logiques indissociablement humanitaires, sécuritaires et capitalistes qui sous-tendent ce renversement et composent aujourd’hui la « santé globale ».

Continue reading Sida : l’eldorado africain ?

Caring as existential insecurity: quarantine, care, and human insecurity in the Ebola crisis

Published by and , in Somatosphere’s Ebola fieldnotes, November 24, 2014.

 

In August of this year, when the Ebola outbreak escalated in Liberia and a state of emergency had been declared for the country, Fatu Kekula, a young Liberian nursing student, improvised personal protective equipment (PPE) to care for her father, mother, sister, and cousin. After three of the relatives survived, her method was featured prominently in the international news media as the “trash bag method” (CNN, 2014). The reports were meant to ignite a spark of hope in the Ebola epidemic in Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. International organizations, like UNICEF, even started to promote this ‘better-than-nothing’ method. In most other Ebola reports, by contrast, health workers in white or yellow PPEs, collecting dead bodies or admitting sick patients to isolation units, have come to symbolize the grim and desperate situation in the region. What strikes us most in the story of Kekula’s improvised PPE is how notions of security and safety are reinscribed into gloves, trash bags, and rubber boots to enable a form of care in the context of a broken health system. When we recall that during the first months of the epidemic many people were caring for their sick relatives without any protection measures, then Kekula’s trash bag method reveals quite dramatically how care itself has become a source of existential insecurity. Continue reading Caring as existential insecurity: quarantine, care, and human insecurity in the Ebola crisis

Une vie politique, Daniel Defert

Book review by Gabriel Girard, published on Somatosphere, November 25, 2014.

On 25 September 1984, Daniel Defert wrote a letter to his friends proposing that they create a non-profit organization to address an emerging disease: AIDS. “In face of a medical crisis and a moral crisis, which is also an identity crisis, I propose that we create a space for reflection, solidarity and transformation,” he wrote. A few weeks later, the association AIDES (which means “help” in French) was founded. Its objective was to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic through community outreach, awareness campaigns and political lobbying. It remains the largest HIV/AIDS-related organization in France. Continue reading Une vie politique, Daniel Defert

Prendre soin de sa population. L’exception botswanaise face au sida

27351100216330MC’est avec un grand plaisir que nous vous annonçons la publication du livre de Fanny Chabrol :

Prendre soin de sa population. L’exception botswanaise face au sida.

Ouvrage publié aux éditions de la Maison des Sciences de l’homme, dans la collection le (bien) commun, avec le soutien de l’IRD.

Continue reading Prendre soin de sa population. L’exception botswanaise face au sida

Chronicle of a well-prepared disaster

SomatoBy , in Somatosphere’s Ebola fieldnotes, October 31, 2014.

A French version of this piece was originally published in Libération on 18 September 2014.

 

“It is useless to laboriously interpret disaster movies in terms of their relation to an ‘objective’ social crisis or even to an ‘objective’ phantasm of disaster,” wrote Jean Baudrillard in 1981. “It is in another sense that (…) it is the social itself that, in contemporary discourse, is organised along the lines of a disaster-movie script.” In its Saturday, 13 September edition, the French daily Libération devoted several columns of its paper to the analysis of apocalyptic films, which reflect our anxiety in the face of pandemics. The Ebola virus epidemic which is raging in several western African countries calls for a more radical critique.

 

Full article
http://somatosphere.net/2014/10/chronicle-of-a-well-prepared-disaster.html

UN GRAND SUCCES DANS LA LUTTE CONTRE LE VIH/SIDA

ANRS

Un médicament pris au moment des rapports sexuels réduit efficacement le risque d’infection.

(English version below)

L’essai ANRS IPERGAY démontre l’efficacité d’un traitement préventif (un antirétroviral) contre l’infection par le VIH/sida lorsqu’il est pris au moment des rapports sexuels. Tous les participants de l’essai vont pouvoir bénéficier de ce traitement.

Plus de 6 000 personnes découvrent chaque année leur séropositivité pour le VIH en France. L’infection par voie sexuelle est prédominante puisqu’elle représente 99% de ces cas. Il est donc prioritaire et urgent de développer de nouveaux moyens de prévention en particulier pour les groupes les plus exposés au risque d’être infectés lors de rapports sexuels : c’est le cas des hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec les hommes (HSH) qui représentent 42 % des nouveaux cas. Continue reading UN GRAND SUCCES DANS LA LUTTE CONTRE LE VIH/SIDA

Ebola Doctors at Breaking Point: ‘This Constant Feeling That the Boat’s Sinking’

“At 3:30 a.m. in the world’s biggest Ebola treatment center, Daniel Lucey found the outbreak reduced to its essentials: patients lying on mattresses on the floor and vomiting in the dark, visible only by the wavering flashlight beam of a single volunteer doctor.

“I don’t see a light at the end of the tunnel,” said Lucey, a physician and professor from Georgetown University who is halfway through a five-week tour in Liberia with Medecins Sans Frontieres, the medical charity known in English as Doctors Without Borders. “The epidemic is still getting worse,” he said by phone between shifts.”

By Makiko Kitamura and Naomi Kresge, October 20, 2014, BloombergBusinessweek

Full article: http://www.businessweek.com/news/2014-10-19/ebola-front-line-doctors-at-breaking-point

La fin du sida ?

Dossier par Maud Gelly & Gabriel Girard & Mathieu Trachman , le 14 octobre, La Vie des idées.

Mots-clés sida | médecine | sexualité | racisme | inégalités | maladie

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